Search results for "Infectious Diseases"
Bloodstream infection, hemodialysis associated with worse outcomes in C. auris
Patients with Candida auris bloodstream infections who had higher Pitt bacteremia scores at infection onset or who were receiving hemodialysis were more likely to die, a retrospective cohort study in California and Florida found.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/08/21/bloodstream-infection-hemodialysis-associated-with-worse-outcomes-in-c-auris.htm
21 Aug 2024
New guidance issued on antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative infections
The Infectious Diseases Society of America's updated recommendations focus on several types of resistant Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa with difficult-to-treat resistance, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/08/14/new-guidance-issued-on-antimicrobial-resistant-gram-negative-infections.htm
14 Aug 2024
Guidelines on diagnosing complicated intra-abdominal infections updated
The Infectious Diseases Society of America offered recommendations on initial imaging and cultures for suspected appendicitis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, diverticulitis, and intra-abdominal abscesses.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/07/17/guidelines-on-diagnosing-complicated-intra-abdominal-infections-updated.htm
17 Jul 2024
Medical center reports recent sharp rise in group A strep bacteremia related to injection drug use
The University of Vermont Medical Center saw three cases of invasive group A Streptococcus in 2020, four in 2021, 19 in 2022, and 45 during the first 10 months of 2023, and many of these infections could be tied to exposure to xylazine in people who inject drugs.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/05/01/medical-center-reports-recent-sharp-rise-in-group-a-strep-bacteremia-related-to-injection-drug-use.htm
1 May 2024
Newer antibiotics for gram-negative infections not widely used in years after approval
An analysis of hospitalized patients with gram-negative infections with difficult-to-treat resistance found that more than 40% were treated with only older antibiotics, despite the approval of seven new antibiotics between 2014 and 2019.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/04/24/newer-antibiotics-for-gram-negative-infections-not-widely-used-in-years-after-approval.htm
24 Apr 2024
Later appendectomies only slightly more common with oral antibiotics for appendicitis
Patients with uncomplicated acute appendicitis who were randomized to oral antibiotic monotherapy instead of combined IV and oral antibiotics had an increase of less than 2 percentage points in risk of surgery or recurrence at three years, according to a Finnish study.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/04/24/later-appendectomies-only-slightly-more-common-with-oral-antibiotics-for-appendicitis.htm
24 Apr 2024
Patients with low-risk S. aureus bacteremia may not need routine imaging
In a retrospective cohort study in the Netherlands, relapse-free survival at 90 days was similar in patients with low-risk S. aureus infection who received additional imaging and those who did not.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/04/17/patients-with-low-risk-s-aureus-bacteremia-may-not-need-routine-imaging.htm
17 Apr 2024
RSV, other viruses associated with severe respiratory disease, length of stay in adult inpatients
Hospital patients with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumovirus, or parainfluenza virus were more likely to require noninvasive or invasive ventilation than general medicine patients who did not test positive for any of those viruses, a national study found.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/03/20/rsv-other-viruses-associated-with-severe-respiratory-disease-length-of-stay-in-adult-inpatients.htm
20 Mar 2024
Risk factors may not accurately identify complicated Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
The Infectious Diseases Society of America's criteria for determining complicated S. aureus bacteremia had low to moderate predictive value and could lead to unnecessary antibiotic treatment, according to a prospective cohort study in the Netherlands.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2024/01/10/risk-factors-may-not-accurately-identify-complicated-staphylococcus-aureus-bacteremia.htm
10 Jan 2024
Hospitals that steward antibiotics well share common factors
Hospitals where pharmacists reported feeling that they are respected by their hospitalist colleagues and considered valuable team members were less likely to overuse antibiotics, a small survey study of antibiotic stewardship programs found.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/12/20/hospitals-that-steward-antibiotics-well-share-common-factors.htm
20 Dec 2023
CDC publishes guidance on testing for flu, COVID-19, RSV
Patients being hospitalized with acute respiratory illness during flu season should be tested with the combined nucleic acid assay for influenza A/B/SARS-CoV-2, if possible, with repeat testing if the SARS-CoV-2 result is negative.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/12/20/free/cdc-publishes-guidance-on-testing-for-flu-covid-19-rsv.htm
20 Dec 2023
Doxycycline for CAP associated with lower C. diff risk than azithromycin
In a retrospective study of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients, treatment with doxycycline instead of azithromycin was associated with a particularly significant reduction in risk of Clostridioides difficile infection among those who had already had C. diff within the past year.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/11/08/doxycycline-for-cap-associated-with-lower-c-diff-risk-than-azithromycin.htm
8 Nov 2023
Patients with discordant C. difficile test results had lower mortality with treatment
Patients who were positive for Clostridioides difficile on nucleic acid amplification testing but negative on toxin immunoassay had similar 30-day mortality to those with positive results on both tests, according to a review of observational studies.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/09/13/patients-with-discordant-c-difficile-test-results-had-lower-mortality-with-treatment.htm
13 Sep 2023
Hospital antibiograms may not be accurate for selecting initial empiric therapy
A retrospective cohort study of Veterans Health Administration facilities found that facility-level antibiograms had limited utility in predicting individual resistance for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species in individual patients.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/08/16/hospital-antibiograms-may-not-be-accurate-for-selecting-initial-empiric-therapy.htm
16 Aug 2023
IDSA updates guidance on managing drug-resistant, gram-negative infections
New treatment recommendations from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) dealt with resistant strains of Enterobacterales, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/07/26/idsa-updates-guidance-on-managing-drug-resistant-gram-negative-infections.htm
26 Jul 2023
Two-step testing for Clostridioides difficile appears safe in multicenter study
Using an enzyme immunoassay after a positive nucleic acid amplification test was associated with a decrease in hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infections and a reduction in related antibiotic use but no change in emergent colectomies.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/06/14/two-step-testing-for-clostridioides-difficile-appears-safe-in-multicenter-study.htm
14 Jun 2023
90% of patients with Cryptococcus infections were HIV-negative, study finds
Most (60.8%) of the HIV-negative patients with cryptococcosis had another immunocompromising condition, according to the retrospective study using 2015 to 2019 data from hospitals in Australia and New Zealand.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/06/07/90percent-of-patients-with-cryptococcus-infections-were-hiv-negative-study-finds.htm
7 Jun 2023
Mandatory approval process for C. diff testing linked to lower hospital-onset infection rates
An intervention that required mandatory approval from an infectious diseases physician before testing for Clostridioides difficile was associated with a greater than 50% decrease in hospital-onset C. difficile infection rates at one hospital.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/05/17/mandatory-approval-process-for-c-diff-testing-linked-to-lower-hospital-onset-infection-rates.htm
17 May 2023
Comparison of multiple blood cultures can accurately identify CLABSI, review finds
Differential time to positivity between central-line and peripheral cultures was both sensitive and specific for diagnosing central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), although it worked less well when Staphylococcus aureus or Candida was present.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/04/26/comparison-of-multiple-blood-cultures-can-accurately-identify-clabsi-review-finds.htm
26 Apr 2023
Most asymptomatic C. difficile carriers in health care settings did not progress to infection
In a study at three U.S. hospitals and affiliated long-term care facilities, most patients who were found to be carriers of Clostridioides difficile had cleared the bacteria on subsequent testing, and only 13.4% were subsequently diagnosed with infection.
https://acphospitalist.acponline.org/archives/2023/03/22/most-asymptomatic-c-difficile-carriers-in-health-care-settings-did-not-progress-to-infection.htm
22 Mar 2023